Materials and methods
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Jewelry, particularly when made with precious materials, is
generally considered valuable and desirable. A variety of precious
gemstones, coins or other precious items can be used, often set into
precious metals. Common metals used for Jewelry include gold,
platinum or silver. Most gold alloys used in Jewelry range from 10K
to 22K gold, while platinum alloys range from 900 (90% pure) to 950
(95.0% pure). The silver used in Jewelry is often sterling silver.
Common gemstones that are used include diamonds, rubies, sapphires,
emeralds, and opals. Dozens more are also commonly used. |
Other commonly used materials include glass,
such as fused glass or enamel; wood, often carved or turned;
shells and other natural animal substances such as bone and
ivory; and natural clay and plasticize clays, such as
polymer clay.
Beads are commonly used in Jewelry. These may be made of
many different substances including glass, gemstones, wood,
shells, clay and polymer clay. Beaded Jewelry commonly
encompasses necklaces, bracelets, earrings, and belts. Beads
may be large or small. The smallest type of beads commonly
used are known as seed beads; these are the beads used for
the "woven" style of beaded Jewelry.
Among uncommonly used materials are fish scales
Beadwork is the art or craft of attaching beads to one
another or to cloth using a needle and thread. Most beadwork
takes the form of jewelry or other personal adornment, but
beads are also used in wall hangings and sculpture.
Beadwork techniques are broadly divided into loom and
off-loom weaving, stringing, bead embroidery, bead crochet,
and bead knitting.
Most cultures have employed beads for personal adornment.
Archaeological records show that people made and used beads
as long as 5000 years ago. Beads have also been used for
religious purposes, as good luck talismans, and as curative
agents. |
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